House & Theater District

Aerial view of house and theater gardens filled with trees, a small fountain garden, and brick house

The story of Longwood Gardens begins here.

In 1906, Pierre S. du Pont purchased a 202-acre farm and former Quaker homestead in order to save a collection of historic trees, unaware at the time that his purchase would grow to become one of the greatest display gardens in the world. Developed with the specific purpose of display, the House & Theatre Gardens District is an excellent representation of how Pierre’s passion for horticulture, design, and preservation laid the groundwork for an unparalleled garden experience, to be enjoyed by guests for many years to come. Transport yourself in the early days of Longwood, taking in views that Pierre and his family enjoyed more than a century ago, including Peirce’s Park and Peirce’s Woods.

About This District

Pierre intended to restore his newly acquired land as a space for entertaining friends—but the lavish gardens and dazzling fountains would come later. His first projects involved tending to the trees for which he’d purchased the property and restoring Peirce’s Park, a historic arboretum planted a hundred years earlier by Quaker farmers Joshua and Samuel Peirce, to its former glory. In the process, his vision for Longwood’s future took shape in a series of “firsts.” The 600-foot flower garden (what is now Flower Garden Walk), punctuated with a simple round fountain (another first!), was so beautiful the following spring that Pierre decided to host his first Longwood garden party—a tradition that would continue until 1940.

 

I have recently experienced what I would formerly have diagnosed as an attack of insanity; that is, I have purchased a small farm.
- Pierre S. du Pont

 

In 1913, following an inspiring trip to the Villa Gori in Siena, Italy, with his future wife, Alice, Pierre began construction on what would become the Open Air Theatre, complete with illuminated fountains that flanked the stage. When the fountains debuted at a 1914 garden party, the guests were delighted—as were Pierre and Alice. 

Pierre found the winters in the Brandywine Valley to be dreary, so in 1914 he began construction of his first conservatory as part of an L-shaped extension to the farmhouse. Planted with exotic tropical foliage and a marble fountain, it became Longwood’s first winter garden housed under glass. 

Gardens in this District

  • Flower Garden Walk & Compartment Gardens
    Sun shines on a circular fountain with a brick pathway in the background leading through green garden beds

    Flower Garden Walk & Compartment Gardens

    In Pierre S. du Pont’s very first garden at Longwood, 600 feet of dazzling hues of orchestrated botanical forms will take your breath away in one of our most popular (and photographed!) gardens.

  • Open Air Theatre & Theatre Garden
    partially overhead view of fountain jets shooting up from a sea green stage, against a backdrop of tall green trees

    Open Air Theatre & Theatre Garden

    Framed by a canopy of towering trees and clipped arborvitae, this Italian-style, outdoor garden theater has come alive with countless performances of every kind since its debut in 1914, and features fountain performances throughout the day.

  • Peirce-du Pont House
    A hanging basket is seen in the distance in a small house conservatory with green plants, metal railings, and a lamppost

    Peirce-du Pont House

    Step back in time for a glimpse into the lives of the du Ponts and the Peirce family at one of the oldest buildings at Longwood. Not to be missed: a Monstera deliciosa vine that’s been there since the mid-1900s.

  • Peirce’s Park
    sun shines through a line of trees on to a wooden bench sitting on path made of wood chips

    Peirce’s Park

    Home to two notable allées of stately and spectacular trees, this area is where Longwood’s story begins. Enjoy woodland wildflowers and soaring tree specimens, many of which are more than 100 years old.

  • Peirce’s Woods
    A stone gazebo sits beside a small lake tucked into a forest of bright green trees

    Peirce’s Woods

    This award-winning woodland garden, designed by W.Gary Smith, showcases mighty oaks, ashes, maples, and tulip-trees that tower over 200 species of native plants and cultivars, offering seasonal interest from spring through fall.

What’s in Bloom

  • Red berries against green foliage

    Winterberry Holly

    Ilex verticillata ′Winter Red′

    Native to eastern North America, this deciduous holly can commonly be found in swamps, low woods, along streams and ponds, and in damp thickets. The bright red berries appear in late summer and persist on the plant until spring, providing an important food source for many birds, including the American Robin. Winterberry Holly also goes by the name Fever Bush, due to its medicinal use by indigenous Americans.  Hollies are dioicous meaning you need both male and female plants for reliable fruit production. Grow extra Winterberry so you can use some berries in holiday decorations!  Look for a variety of Winterberry cultivars throughout the gardens!  

  • White Snakeroot

    Ageratina altissima

    Growing to a height of three to four feet, white snakeroot is a fibrously rooted, native perennial that can be found in forests, thickets, and woodland margins. This plant can take full sun to part shade and prefers moist, rich conditions. The wonderful white flowers that occur late in the season, when flowers such as these are hard to come by, make it a wonderful addition to the garden.

  • Variety of pumpkins, large and small and from green to bright orange, enveloped with fall blooming annuals.

    Pumpkin Display

    Cucurbita 

    Pumpkin displays found throughout the Gardens bring the colors, shapes, and textures of the harvest season to Longwood. Pumpkins belong to the genus Cucurbita, which is native to the Americas and includes many familiar squashes and gourds. The orange-skinned Cucurbita pepo pumpkins commonly carved as jack-o’-lanterns, trace their domestication to Mexico about 10,000 years ago, making pumpkins one of the earliest cultivated crops in the Americas. 

  • Light lavender flower with five outer petals and many smaller central petals.

    Rose-of-Sharon

    Hibiscus syriacus ′Notwood3′ Blue Chiffon™
  • Tall, sturdy spikes of vibrant, tubular pink flowers set against "rose gold" calyxes.

    Hybrid Sage

    Salvia 'HYBSV16017' (Skyscraper Pink™)
  • Robust, fast-growing annual that grows upright, reaching heights of 6 to 8 feet, with erect, fuzzy, 12- to 18-inch terminal yellow flower spikes.

    Forsythia Sage

    Salvia madrensis 'Red Neck Girl' 

    Salvia madrensis ‘Red Neck Girl’ is a statuesque late-season sage distinguished by red-purple, winged stems that contrast with its large green leaves and butter-yellow flowers. Introduced by Plant Delights Nursery in 2002, this selection blooms earlier than many forms of the species and can reach 7 feet tall. The species is native to moist mountain habitats in Mexico’s Sierra Madre Oriental, reflected in the name madrensis. Blooming from late September until frost, its tubular flowers provide a valuable late-season food source for bees, butterflies, and other pollinators. Enjoy multiple species of salvia peaking in every color throughout the gardens!

  • Bright, true red petals with decorative-style flower heads featuring a full arrangement of ray florets.

    Decorative Mum

    Chrysanthemum × morifolium 'Maverick Red' 

    Another sure sign of autumn is the arrival of Chrysanthemum × morifolium along Flower Garden Walk and in the Idea Garden. Commonly known as garden mums, these hybrids are valued for their abundant flowers and remarkable diversity of colors, forms, and sizes. Their appearance in the outdoor gardens offers a colorful preview of the artistry and horticultural traditions celebrated during Longwood’s upcoming Chrysanthemum Festival.

  • Bright blue flowers on long meandering stems.

    Azure Sage

    Salvia azurea