Floriculture Production 

A view of the interior of Longwood's conservatory with hanging baskets, topiary-like trees, and yellow plants adjacent to lush green grass.

Driven by a passion for discovery, our experts continuously refine growing techniques—drawing on global practices while developing our own. Sustainability is integral to our approach, guiding how we manage water, compost, fertilization, and resources to align with our mission. We constantly seek out new, interesting plants and innovative techniques to enhance our displays. As a leader in horticultural excellence, we are committed to advancing the field through education, mentorship, and cross-disciplinary collaboration.   

Our displays are the result of collaborative efforts between designers, horticulturists, and our floriculture production team. Drawing upon decades of institutional knowledge and supported by our behind-the-scenes greenhouses, approximately 70 percent of the plants featured in our displays are grown onsite. Each year, we produce over 100,000 plants from more than 1,300 unique varieties. 

While our permanent plantings offer familiar beauty, the ephemeral nature of our seasonal displays keeps each visit to Longwood fresh and compelling, inviting guests to return again and again to discover what's in bloom. 

Each season, our floriculture efforts are showcased through our vibrant displays of container plantings, hanging baskets, topiaries, and standards. The most robust expression of our expertise is our Chrysanthemum Festival, which is recognized as one of the most spectacular displays of this genus in the Western Hemisphere. Longwood is proud to preserve and practice unique chrysanthemum growing techniques such as grafting, pinching, disbudding, stem breaking, and tissue culture propagation, to create the forms of clouds, bonsai, 1,000 bloom, baskets, columns, and more. 

Seasonal Container Crops 

From magnetic bunches of hydrangea to the bold blooms of South African bulbs, our containers are thoughtfully composed to bring unexpected beauty, joy, and inspiration. By replicating natural processes in cultivation and controlled environments, we ensure a succession of stunning blooms and unique plants season after season.   

Baskets 

There is something magical about walking beneath a canopy of flowers. Throughout our indoor displays, our hanging baskets provide 360-degree views of stunning beauty, showcasing our horticultural artistry. These baskets draw the eye upward, highlighting our unique architectural features that embody the essence of Longwood.

In 2024, we grew more than 400 hanging baskets that elevated our floriculture, and garden design, to new heights. Creating these hanging baskets involves meticulous coordination between our skilled Horticulture and Facilities teams. Our on-site metal shop crafts the frames, which are then hung from the Conservatory roof using large articulating lifts. Chains and stainless steel connectors secure each basket, following precise structural engineering to ensure safety while allowing for easy maintenance throughout the season.

Our production team spends months growing the plants used in these displays, carefully selecting species based on growth behavior, flowering duration, and their suitability for elevated baskets. Plants like cymbidium and hydrangea, known for their long-lasting blooms, are prioritized, alongside those that thrive in cooler temperatures and lower light. We also avoid plants that display tropism, ensuring consistent size and shape. Cascading cultivars with gracefully hanging stems are chosen for their beauty from every angle. 

To further enhance this process, we utilize a specialized greenhouse system to grow these baskets. As they develop, the baskets move along a motorized track, ensuring each plant receives uniform light for a consistent, harmonious appearance.

Standards

Creating a standard involves training a plant to develop a tree form: a straight stem topped with foliage or flowers. Known for their charm and for their curiosity, standards can vary in size but are commonly seen in formal gardens. Longwood takes a comprehensive approach to standard and topiary cultivation, blending innovative techniques with international horticultural traditions.

At Longwood, the "standard" training method is applied to around 30 plant varieties, from common plants like poinsettias to more unique species such as Senna, Westringia, and Clerodendrum. The time required for a plant to achieve standard form depends on the species and the desired size. The process includes two key phases: first, training the plant to develop a single upright stem, and second, encouraging branching to create a dense head. Factors such as plant variety, grafting methods, and strategic pruning all contribute to achieving the ideal aesthetic. In 2024, we grew and displayed over 100 Standards. 

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From Our Blog

Winter Wow, Right Now
Bright orange flowers growing next to an agave plant in a garden bed.

Blog

Winter Wow, Right Now

. It’s our very first winter with the new West Conservatory, meaning it’s your very first chance to witness this architectural showstopper begin its peak flowering season.

Setting the Standard
yellow trained mums with green ferns behind

Blog

Setting the Standard

One definition of a "standard" is a norm by which similar things can be measured. In horticulture, however, a standard is a plant that is trained or grafted to have a single stem, and a crown of leaves and flowers. Combine the two meanings, and you have the degree of excellence achieved by Longwood in the beauty of its standard forms. Photo by Larry Albee.

A Triumphant Return
The arms of a person working with chrysanthemum blooms.

Blog

A Triumphant Return

This year’s Thousand Bloom of Chrysanthemum × morifolium ‘Susono-no-Hikari’ started its journey as a vegetative cutting 18 months ago—and today is not only a sight to behold, but a culminating example of the unchanging beauty and art of people and plants working together.